Which term defines the ability to understand and interpret sensory stimuli?

The ability to understand and interpret sensory stimuli is referred to as perception. This process goes beyond merely detecting the sensory input, which is what sensation entails. Sensation involves the initial detection of stimuli by our sensory organs, such as the eyes, ears, skin, etc. However, for an individual to grasp what those stimuli mean—such as recognizing a melody or interpreting facial expressions—perception is required. It is a more complex cognitive process that integrates sensory information with prior knowledge and experiences, allowing for the recognition, organization, and interpretation of the sensory input.

Discrimination relates more to the ability to distinguish between different types of stimuli rather than understanding them. Transduction refers to the process by which sensory receptors convert physical energy from stimuli into neural signals, which is a fundamental step in the overall sensation and perception process but does not encompass the interpretation aspect directly. Therefore, perception is the correct term that encapsulates the complete process of interpreting sensory information.