Which retinal receptors are primarily responsible for peripheral and twilight vision?

The correct answer is rods, as they are specifically adapted for vision in low-light conditions, making them essential for peripheral and twilight vision. Rods are sensitive to dim light and are predominantly located in the peripheral regions of the retina. This positioning allows them to be highly effective in detecting light and movement in the darker parts of our visual field.

When it comes to low-light environments, rods outperform cones, which are responsible for color vision and function best under bright light conditions. While photoreceptors is a broader term that includes both rods and cones, selecting rods specifically emphasizes their unique role in twilight and peripheral vision. Bipolar cells, on the other hand, are part of the retinal circuitry that transmits signals from photoreceptors to the ganglion cells, but they do not directly contribute to the light-sensitive functions required for visual perception in low light. Thus, rods are the key receptors that enable us to see in dim conditions, making them the appropriate choice for this question.