Which concept refers to the ability to perceive changes in the strength of a stimulus over time?

The concept that refers to the ability to perceive changes in the strength of a stimulus over time is sensory adaptation. This process describes how sensory receptors become less responsive to constant stimuli, allowing individuals to notice changes in stimulus intensity rather than the constant presence of the stimulus itself. For instance, when entering a room with a strong odor, the initial intensity may be overwhelming, but over time, individuals tend to notice the smell less as they adapt to the sensory input. This adaptation is essential for survival, as it helps individuals focus on more pressing stimuli in their environment rather than constant background information.

Habituation relates to a decrease in response to a repeated stimulus, which focuses more on behavioral response rather than sensory perception. The just-noticeable difference refers to the smallest change in stimulus intensity that a person can detect, emphasizing the threshold aspect of perception. Signal detection theory involves distinguishing between meaningful signals and background noise in stimuli, focusing on decision-making processes rather than the perception of changes in stimulus strength. By understanding sensory adaptation, one can appreciate the mechanisms of perception and how the senses collaborate to provide relevant information from the environment.