What phenomenon allows individuals to judge how far away an object is based solely on information from one eye?

The phenomenon that enables individuals to judge the distance of objects using information from just one eye is referred to as monocular cues. These cues include various visual indicators that assist in depth perception, even when viewed from a single perspective. Examples of monocular cues include size relative to other objects, texture gradients, motion parallax (the way objects appear to move against a background as the observer moves), and linear perspective.

Each of these cues provides valuable information that helps the brain gauge distance; for instance, a smaller object is perceived as being further away, while more detailed texture can suggest closer proximity. Because these cues require only one eye to perceive, they are effective when binocular vision (which uses both eyes for stereoscopic depth perception) is not available.

Other options, while they relate to depth perception, involve the input of both eyes or different aspects of visual mechanics. This makes monocular cues distinctive in their reliance on a single eye's perspective.