What is the main function of rods in the eye?

The main function of rods in the eye is to facilitate vision in low light conditions. Rods are photoreceptor cells located in the retina that are highly sensitive to light, making them essential for night vision or any dimly lit environment. They do not perceive color; instead, they are more effective at detecting movement and shapes in grayscale, which is particularly useful for seeing in dark conditions where color differentiation is not possible.

This sensitivity to lower light levels contrasts with cones, the other type of photoreceptor in the retina, which are responsible for color vision and can function optimally in brighter light situations. While cones enable the detection of fine details and color, rods excel in providing a general view of the surroundings in low-light scenarios, making them crucial for survival in darkness and during twilight.